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Europe drives surge in global arms transfers as U.S. dominance expands

New data show Ukraine as world’s largest arms importer while Russian exports collapse and NATO members rearm.

NATO troops engage targets during a live‑fire exercise on the training range during an exercise in February 2026.
NATO troops engage targets during a live‑fire exercise on the training range during an exercise in February 2026 that brought together 17 naval vessels, more than 20 aircraft and roughly 1,500 military vehicles in Germany. (NATO)

International transfers of major weapons rose sharply in the past five years as European countries accelerated military purchases in the wake of Russia’s full-wake invasion of Ukraine.

The volume of global arms transfers increased 9.2% between 2016–20 and 2021–25, the largest rise since the mid-2010s, according to new figures on Monday from the Stockholm International Peace Research Institute.

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