The next phase of the global debate over powerful artificial intelligence is taking shape as a struggle over regulatory power: Who sets safety thresholds? Who tests frontier models? And what happens when a company or country crosses an agreed line?
A high-level U.N. Security Council debate revealed growing support for independent testing, common evaluation standards, incident reporting and stronger government oversight. But it also exposed the dispute likely to define the negotiations ahead: whether those safeguards should become internationally agreed rules or remain primarily under national control.
