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Iran nuclear dispute returns to Security Council on verification gap

IAEA says it lost continuity of knowledge over Iran's enriched uranium as Tehran says war made inspections impossible.

The chair of IAEA's Board of Governors, Australian U.N. Ambassador Ian David Grainge Biggs, addresses the opening of a board meeting in Vienna on Sept. 7, 2026.
The chair of IAEA's Board of Governors, Australian U.N. Ambassador Ian David Grainge Biggs, addresses the opening of a board meeting in Vienna on Sept. 7, 2026. (Dean Calma/©IAEA)

The international system for monitoring Iran's nuclear program is facing a verification crisis, with U.N. inspectors unable for more than a year to maintain continuity of knowledge over stocks of highly enriched uranium as the dispute moves back to the Security Council.

The International Atomic Energy Agency's 35-member Board of Governors voted on Wednesday to report Iran to the United Nations Security Council, the first such referral in 20 years, after the agency said it could no longer verify nuclear material at declared facilities or fulfill its safeguards responsibilities there.

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